Movement disorders are diseases that can manifest themselves in the first years of life due to numerous and complex causes. Any disease that arises as a result of these neurology changes provokes the appearance of such types of movement disorders as tics, tremors, dystonia, chorea, myoclonus, and others.
A competent movement disorder specialist sets a goal — in the course of rehabilitation treatment of patients suffering from diseases of the nervous system, first of all, to restore their motor function.
Types of neurology movement disorders
The mechanism of any movement is based on the conduction of impulses from the cerebral cortex along nerve fibers to the spinal cord and muscles. In some neurologist movement disorders, the transmission of nerve impulses is difficult, as a result of which the motor function of the muscles is disrupted.
Depending on the prevalence, there are several types of neurology movement disorders:
- Monoplegia — when one limb is involved on one side;
- Paraplegia — in the absence of movement in two limbs of the same type (sometimes upper and lower);
- Hemiplegia — if the upper and lower limbs are involved on one side (can be right or left);
- Triplegia — if three limbs are involved;
- Tetraplegia — if four limbs are affected.
Causes of movement disorders
Most often, the development of these disorders is caused by such degenerative diseases:
- intake of certain medications;
- incompetent organ systems;
- infections of the central nervous system;
- ischemia of the basal ganglia.
In some cases, such infectious diseases as encephalitis, AIDS, and syphilis is the main movement disorders impact factor.
Forms of movement disorders
Movement disorders’ neurology defines several forms of the disease. The main movement disorders include:
Dystonia
The pathology that leads to sustained muscle contractions can be limited to one area or spread to the entire body.
Tremor
This symptom manifests itself in the form of uncontrolled shaking during relaxation or movement.
Chorea
This symptom is expressed by irregular and uncontrolled movements, resembling convulsions.
Freezing
This symptom is characterized by an inability to start moving. Also, pathology can manifest itself as an involuntary and sudden cessation of movement.
There are other forms of disorders. All of them affect human behavior and disrupt the usual way of life. Diagnosing movement disorders symptoms and determining their cause is often difficult. A complete examination and medical history are usually required.
How the treatment of movement disorders usually goes
Attending a movement disorders specialist:
Consultation of a neurologist.
Diagnostic unit:
Consultations of related specialists, prescription of additional laboratory and functional examinations for the final diagnosis, and identification of the patient’s condition.
Treatment block:
A set of treatment measures selected individually for each client.
Recommendations:
A set of activities for self-fulfillment, individual recommendation.
To correctly determine the severity of paresis or to identify mild paresis, a movement disorders specialist carries out a quantitative assessment of the patient’s state of three motor functions: to assess the tone, muscle strength, and the volume of active movements.
